Study on Ammonia Copper Nanocomposite Thermal Performance in Cavity Nanochannels under Electric Field

Abstract

Enhancing the performance of thermal exchange systems remains a significant challenge for technical professionals and system architects. To address this, introducing nanoscale particles into primary fluids has emerged as a promising passive approach, offering enhanced thermal conductivity properties and enabling more compact heating and cooling systems. This study utilizes molecular-scale simulation techniques to examine the thermal transport characteristics of copper nanoparticles interacting with ammonia refrigerant in a nanoconfined system. The findings reveal that as the frequency of the applied electric field rises from 0.11/ps to 0.51/ps, the time required for phase change extends from 2 to 3 nanoseconds, while heat transfer efficiency drops from 0.76 W/mK to 0.72 W/mK. Furthermore, the study explores the impact of different structural designs of cavities—closed, round, and box-shaped—on the microscopic and heat-related properties of the simulated samples. Among these, the cubic cavity demonstrates the maximum heat transfer efficiency, reaching 0.80 W/mK. The analysis also considers different atomic cavity types, including Hermitian, spherical, and cubic structures. The extent and duration of the phase change are 65%, 66% and 68%, and 2.88 nanoseconds, 2.87 nanoseconds and 2.85 nanoseconds, respectively