Isolation, identification and characterization of bacteria and antibacterial susceptibility of bacteria with different plant leaf extracts.

Abstract

The growth of microorganisms in our environment (bacteria, viruses, algae, fungi and protozoa) are pervasive, influential and can increase the toxicity in our surrounding, which can be harmful for the human body and can be life threatening at times. Bacteria like Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria which are sensitive to many drugs are already in use but these bacteria are becoming harmful because of the resistance provided by their outer membrane. So, to have an outcome friendly to nature, research was done on different plant leaves. Main purpose of research was to assess the efficacy of Jamun leaf extract (Syzygium cumini), Guava leaf extract (Psidium guajava), and Lemon leaf extract (Citrus lemon)  against two gram negative bacteria (Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus epidermidis) and two gram positive bacteria (Corynebacterium xerosis ,Bacillus megaterium) which are some of soil borne and water borne bacteria. The leaves were extracted in three different solvents like Acetone, hexane and methanol. After that the efficacy of these extracts with concentration of 50µl and 100µl were tested against those bacteria through well diffusion method and disc diffusion method and Zone of inhibition (ZOI) was measured. According to the findings of antibacterial assay, Jamun extract showed antibacterial activity against all bacteria in both concentrations acting as natural antibacterial agent followed by Guava extract. Lemon extract showed minimal zone of inhibition against all the bacteria. This study provides scientific understanding to further determine the antimicrobial values and investigate other pharmacological and medicinal properties. This study may provide useful insight for next level natural treatment strategies and for further researches in this study.