Microstructural and Spectroscopic Analysis of Sweet Potato Starch Bioplastics Reinforced with Activated Carbon Using Scanning Electron Microscopy

Abstract

The annual production of petroleum-based plastics releases hazardous gases, including carbon dioxide, which negatively impacts the environment. This study focuses on producing bioplastic using sweet potato starch as the main raw material, with activated carbon as a promising additive for enhancing starch-based biomaterials. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to analyze the bioplastic samples, providing high-resolution imaging that is valuable for evaluating surface fractures, flaws, and contaminants. SEM analysis revealed that the morphological properties of the samples with and without activated carbon did not show significant differences in appearance, though voids, holes, and cracks were observed as flaws. The inclusion of activated carbon improved the bioplastics' capacity to absorb moisture and enhanced their porosity and tensile strength. By using renewable materials like sweet potato starch and additives like activated carbon, this study aims to develop sustainable alternatives to conventional plastics, reducing environmental impact and promoting eco-friendly materials in various industries.