The Protective Role of Nigella Sativa Oil-Loaded Polycaprolactone/ Chitosan/ Electrospam Nanofibers against Nephrotoxicity in Rats Exposed to Etbr

Abstract

Ethidium bromide's (EtBr) toxic effects have the potential to spread to renal cells, which could lead to cellular dysfunction and death. Numerous potent active compounds with significant therapeutic benefits found in nigella sativa oil (NSO). An efficient technique for producing nanofibers is electrospinning, which stirs polymer solutions using a strong electrical source. The current study aims to fabricate nanofibers from polycaprolactone and chitosan loaded with NSO and examine its nephro-protective effects against EtBr toxicity in male rats. For this purpose, six groups (16 males each) were daily dosed with distilled water (T1), EtBr (T2), PC/NF (T3), a combination of PC/NF and EtBR (T4), PC/NSO/NF (T5), and a combination of PC/NSO/NF and EtBR (T6) for 30 days. Two subgroups were created from each group, and each received treatment for either 15 or 30 days prior to being sacrificed. Following both treatment periods, kidney histology and serum renal function profile were examined. Significant increases in kidney relative weight and renal function markers were noted in the EtBr group. Notably, PCNSONF therapy markedly increased these markers in comparison to the EtBr group. Furthermore, compared to the EtBr group, which exhibited notable cellular necrotic and degenerative changes, the PCNSONF group had structural improvement in kidney histological features and semi-quantitative analysis. In conclusion, manufactured PCNSONF demonstrated improved prophylactic effectiveness against EtBr-induced renotoxicity and an improved serum kidney function profile. Ethidium bromide's impact on renal functioning require more investigation into certain indicators of renal damage.